Title: INFLUENCE OF NACL STRESS AND GAMMA RADIATION ON IN VITRO SEEDS GERMINATION AND SOME PHYSIOLOGICAL PARAMETERS IN CALLUS PRODUCED FROM COWPEA (VIGNA UNGICULATA.L)
Authors: Suad Abduljabbar Alsaedi*, Ekhlas Abdul -Kareem El Kaaby**, Shaimaa A. Yousir, Ashwaq abed alrazzq Aloubaidy
Abstract: Gamma radiation and In Vitro technique were applied in this study to evaluate some morphological and physiological parameters in callus of irradiated Cowpea (Vigna ungiculata. L) seedlings. Local variety seeds of Cowpea were exposed to (0, 25, 50 and 75) Gy of Gamma radiation (60Co). Seeds were sterilized and germinated on Murashige and Skoog (MS) media. Results clarified that, in general, maximum seeds germination 93.0% at 25 Gy whereas maximum seedling height reached (4.53 and 3.40 cm) in addition to number of leaves (3.57,2.90) were observed at 25 and 50 Gy respectively.  All mutagenic doses caused a significant reduction in photosynthetic chlorophyll pigment compared with control (non irradiated seeds). Callus was initiated from shoot tip explants and exposed to (NaCl) stress at the levels (6, 8 and 10 ds.l-1). 4 weeks later, Proline, CHO and minerals were estimated. In general, increasing gamma radiation doses at 50 up to 75 Gy and NaCl at the level 10 ds. m-1 increased accumulation of Na+ and Cl– whereas highest accumulation of K+ was found with 75 Gy when combined with 6 and 8 ds.  m-1. Moreover, highest content of CHO (8.75 mg. g-1) was observed in 25Gy combined with the level 10 ds.m-1 and Proline (26.46 mg. g-1) at 50 Gy combined with the level 10 ds.m-1.
Keywords: Chlorophyll, Proline, CHO, 60Co, Na+, K+
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